America 250

The Ancient Burying Ground - Hartford's Oldest Historic Site

America 250 Trail

Follow along this trail in the Ancient Burying Ground at 679 Main Street, Hartford, CT. This site contains 31 men listed as serving in the American Revolution. There are three African Americans listed, but no markers remain for them and another eight men. These individuals had sisters, wives, children, and extended families that reached far beyond Hartford. Read some of their stories below. 

At left: “The Declaration of Indepence” by John Trumbull from Connecticut, located in the Capitol Rotunda, Washington, DC. Courtesy, U.S. Capitol paintings.

America 250 Trail Map & List

1. Col. Jeremiah Wadsworth

Wadsworth was appointed commissary to the Connecticut militia and was quickly appointed as deputy commissary-general of purchases for the American militia under General George Washington on June 18, 1777 – December 4, 1779. Afterwards he served under General Rochambeau as the commissary for the French troops. 

A Life Cut Short

The Wadsworth household hosted important meetings and was the site of numerous visits between Generals George Washington and the Comte de Rochambeau. Eventually Col. Wadsworth became the commissary for the French troops.

This monument was created for the Wadsworth family by son Daniel Wadsworth. The broken column is meant to symbolize Jeremiah’s life cut short.

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Col. Jeremiah Wadsworth and his son, David, 1784.

This painting by Connecticut native John Trumbull is on view at The Wadsworth in Hartford, CT through September 27, 2026. 

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Death & Probate 

Col. Jeremiah Wadsworth: July 12, 1743 – Apr. 30, 1804

Jeremiah Wadsworth died at the pinnacle of his life and spectacular career. Following the American Revolution, Wadsworth helped to invest in the infrastructure of Hartford. He built roads and banks, invested in agricultural innovations and trade, amassed acres of Connecticut farmland, and served in the new Congress.

Wadsworth was a founding member of The Society of the Cincinnati. 

2. Capt. Pownal Deming 

“An earnest patriot, he enlisted in the Continental Army at the Lexington Alarm in April, 1775. He served with distinction through the war for American Independence. He was an original member of the Society of the Cincinnati.”

A Descendant’s Tribute

This tall obelisk memorial was placed by descendent Charles Albert Hoyt in April, 1895. According to the “Champion Genealogy,” Pownal (also spelled Powning) was named after his maternal grandmother’s family. His first wife, Abigail Hubbell Deming probably died from childbirth. The couple’s son, Eleazer (1785 – 1828), moved to Burlington, VT and married Fanny Follet in 1807.

Pownal Deming’s second wife was Mehitable Boardman (1763 – 1856). Nearby this obelisk is the gravestone for their daughter Elizabeth Deming, who died at the age of two years old in 1787. The couple had another daughter who survived, Elizabeth / Betsy Deming (1793 – 1835).

Pownal Deming’s probate inventory listed large quantities of items, such as the entry above for “chintzes and calicoes.” Deming was a merchant following the war. 

Probate & Heir

Pownel died on April 9, 1795 at the age of 46.

Betsy Deming is listed as “the only daughter of the deceased” on Deming’s probate inventory. Her namesake, a child name Elizabeth, died at the age of two. Her stone is nearby. 

Service:
Mustered April 1775 at the Lexington Alarm from Hebron CT; Sergeant, 2nd Regiment, 8th Company under Capt. Levi Wells, 1775; Bunker Hill under Gen. Joseph Spencer, 1775;
Col. Samuel Wyllys’ 22nd CT Regiment, 1776;
Commissioned 2nd Lieutenant, 4th CT Regiment, 1 January 1777; promoted to 1st Lieutenant 15 November 1778; served through December 1780. 

Deming was a member of The Society of the Cincinnati.



3. Governor’s Footguard Monument

This monument commemorates The First Company Governor’s Foot Guard, the nation’s oldest continuously serving military unit. People in the Ancient Burying Ground associated with its founding include Samuel Wyllys, Jonathan Bull, and William Knox.

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4. Wyllys Monument

This monument to the Wyllys family was placed by descendants in 1899. George Wyllys was a founder of colonial Hartford and later generations served in the American Revolution.

Daughters of the American Revolution

The Hartford Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution is named after Ruth Stoughton Wyllys. Her second marriage was to her cousin, Samuel Wyllys, in 1777. He was a Colonel in the Continental Army and eventually became a General.  Ruth Wyllys shared with her husband all the dangers and privations of a soldier’s life, and was with him during the winter of 1780 when he was in quarters along the Hudson River with General Washington and his army.
When General Wyllys retired from the army in 1781 he brought his courageous wife back to Hartford to live. They found a home on Main Street across from Historic City Hall Square and near the Wyllys homestead.

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Wyllys Family Crest

Woodbridge Family Genealogy

The marriage of George Wyllys to Mary Woodbridge, circa 1737, resulted in three sons who served in the American Revolution.

5. Capt. John Barnard

Erected / to the Memory of / Capt. JOHN BARNARD. / who died / December 28th AD. 1813. / in the 82nd year / of his age 

Service:
Col. Wolcott’s Regiment; Jan – March, 1776
Col. Chester’s Regiment; June, 1776, Battle of Flatbush, Long Island
Battle of White Plains
January, 1777, Captain, 3rd Reg., CT Line

Barnard was a member of The Society of the Cincinnati.

6. Capt. George Smith

In Memory of / Capt / GEORGE SMITH / who departed this life / March 15th 1808 / in the 82d year / of her age

Service:
Lexington Alarm, Col. Pitkin;
4th Regiment, Col. Hinman;
Sergeant Major, 1777; Ensign, 1778;
resigned from Col. Webb’s Regiment in 1779

7. Benjamin Payne

In Memory / of / BENJAMIN PAYNE Esquire, / who eminently distinguished / for public service the / Excellencies of private worth / and the graces of a good life / died on the 23d day of / January 1782 in the 54th year / of his age regretted by / numerous acquaintances / and deeply lamented by / relatives and friends.

Service:
Lexington Alarm, General Putnam’s 3rd Regiment;
Capt. James Clark’s 6th Company

8. Ebenezer Watson

Ebenezer Watson served in the American Revolution, but succumbed to the effects of smallpox. He purchased the print shop that was the “CT Courant,” America’s longest running newspaper.

Epitaph

MR. EBENEZER WATSON / Printer, who Died Sept 16th 1777, / AET 33 His hear was benevolent, he / was kind to the distressed & an / advocate of the injured his life / exhibited the Marks of an honest / Man Friendship to the rights of / human nature At his death which / happened in the years of vigor & / usefulness he received the distinguished / Eulogy the undissembled grief / of a numerous Acquaintances / Man cometh forth like a flower & is / cut down, he flieth away as a shadow / & continueth not ; A. Williams This stone is a replication.

Elizabeth Watson

The stone for Ebenezer’s first wife is located next to him.
Here lies Interr’d / the Body of / MRS ELIZABETH WATSON / wife of MR EBENEZER / WATSON, Printer / who departed this life / April 11 1770 AET 28 / Teach me some Genius / from on high / Like her to live / Like her to die/ To emulate the paths / she trod All humane / generous grate and good

Hannah Watson

Hannah Watson, Ebenezer’s second wife, took over the operations of the Courant for two years. The newspaper was an extremely important tool for communication, thoughts, and opinions during the war, and even propaganda. “Hannah Watson’s articles called for support of the patriot cause and defiantly aided her country’s search for liberty, earning her a place in the Connecticut Journalism Hall of Fame and the Connecticut Women’s Hall of Fame.” Hannah is buried in Old South Cemetery in Hartford, CT.

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9. Capt. Israel Seymour

Captain Seymour was 49 years old when he was suddenly killed by lightning in 1784.

Epitaph

Here lies interred the remains of
CAPT. ISRAEL SEYMOUR who was killed
by lightning Aug. 14 1784 in ye 49th
year of his age.
With awful reverence God adore
Whose holy Hand with Soverign power
Did in an instant stop his breath
And clos’d his Eyes in Sleep of Death.

Sermon

Rev. Boardman used this tragedy as evidence for repentenance for his funeral sermon, which was published immediately afterwards. “Awake to righteousness . . . Repent and be converted that your sins may be blotted out . . . for ye know not when the time is . . . “

Service: 
Capt. of 1st Company,
Col. J. Chester’s Regiment

Pottery Business

“Captain Seymour operated what may have been Hartford’s first earthenware pottery. He advertised for apprectices ‘at the potter’s business’ as early as 1778.”
From the book, “By Their Markers Ye Shall Know Them.”

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10. Richard Bernham

Years before the American Revolution, Hartford was stricken with a tragedy from an explosion during preparations to celebrate the repeal of the Stamp Act in 1766.

Epitaph

In Memory of / Mr. Richard / Bernham. Killed / by ye Bloing up of / ye School house: / June 1766 Aged / 18 Years & 3 Months / Son to Mr. Elisha & Mrs. Sarah Bernham

The Schoolhouse

Richard Bernham was 18 years old when he died from injuries due to an explosion. The city of Hartford, like other communities, was preparing to celebrate the repeal of the Stamp Act in May of 1766. For unknown reasons, the schoolhouse was selected as a staging site for preparing the fireworks. A large group was assembled there to prepare when there was an explosion. Nearly 30 men were there and many were severely injured. The gravestone for Richard Bernham explains the cause of his death. Two other people in the Ancient Burying Ground also died from their injuries: Levi Jones and William Gardner.

Among the Dead

Six men ultimately succumbed to severe burns and injuries: Levi Jones, blacksmith John Knowles, Richard Lord, William Gardiner, and Richard Bernham. In addition, the treating doctor also died, Dr. Nathaniel Ledyard, purportedly from an infection treating the wounded.  

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11. Timothy Pratt (1723)
& George Pratt (1805)

This replication stone was created by Connecticut artist Randall Nelson. Three members of the Pratt family are memorialized here, two of whom served in the American Revolution.

Abigail

Abigail was only 19 years old when she died in 1777, but she was already married to Elisha Skinner.

Timothy & George

It was devastating to lose a family member in the American Revolution, but many people made sacrifices. The Pratt family lost two.
Timothy Pratt responded to the call from the Lexington Alarm in 1775. He died at the ages of 32 on May 31, 1783.

George Pratt enrolled in 1778 and was a Payroll Guard. He died much later, in 1805, in his 50th year. 

Father Zechariah

The replication stone indicates the name of the parents, Zecheriah and Abigail. Zecheriah’s gravestone is nearby. He died in the same year as George, in 1805. Abigail may have been responsible for both stones. Perhaps the older one is an indication of what the replication may have looked like. 

12. John Porter, Esq. (May 18, 1806)

Hartford was an established city in the 18th century and a center for business and trade. John Porter served in Capt. A. Griswold’s Company, 18th Militia Regiment, in 1776. Later he became a comptroller and managed the public accounts. 
His epitaph reads:
His mind was tranquil and serene / No terros in his looks were seen / His saviours smile despeld the gloom / And smoothed his passage to the tomb.

13. Capt. Samuel Marsh 

This grave marker simply states the date of death.

Service:
Capt. Militia Company, 1779

14. John Watson

John Watson died on May 24, 1795 at the age of 60 years old. This replication stone was created by Randall Nelson. 

Service:
Col. S.G. Webb’s Regiment, 1780

15. Rev. Benjamin Boardman

The militia needed their spiritual leaders to give them hope and prayer. Rev. Boardman served in this capacity and his status is indicated by the tablestone monument. 

Tablestone Epitaph

Sacred to the Memory of the / Rev. Benjamin Boardman / formerly pastor of the Church / in Middle Haddam and late Pastor / of the South Church in this town / He died February 8th A.D. 1802 / in the 71st year of his age

Service to the Church & Militia

Rev. Boardman served as a chaplain beginning in 1775 and throughout the American Revolution for various regiments. Following the war he was the pastor of the Second Church in Hartford, Connecticut.

Click below to read “OUR NEIGHBORHOOD CHURCHES DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION” by Mrs. Albert Hastings Pitkin.

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Sermons

Many of Rev. Boardman’s sermons were published and are available online. A sample link is below:

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16. Moses Butler

Moses Butler died on December 17, 1801, at the age of 85. This replication was created by Allen Williams.

Service:
Lexington Alarm, 2nd Co. Boston &
4th Regiment, 1775

17. Timothy Burr

Service:
Capt. 1775-77, Conductor of Transportation for Army

18. Maj. Daniel Jones

This replication features a carved urn, rather than a sculpted form, on a marble stone. This stone was created by Randall Nelson. 

Service:
Conductor of Teams for Transporting Supplies, 1777

19. Joseph Talcott

Service:
2nd Lt. Capt. B. Clark’s Co. &
Col. Johnson’s Regiment, 1778
20th Regiment of Militia, 1779-1781

This replication based on the original was created by Randall Nelson. 

20. Capt. Ebenezer Barnard

Service:
Lieut. in Col. Erastus Wolcott’s CT State Reg. in Continental service at Boston, Dec. 1775 to March 1776;
1st Lieut. in Col. John Chester’s CT State Reg. in NY June – Dec. 1776;
Capt. of 3rd CT Continental Line Regiment, 1777-81

21. Capt. Caleb Bull

Although there is no marker for Capt. Bull, his family name is memorialized in this memorial stone. 

Captain Caleb Bull, Jr. was commissioned a Captain in Webb’s Continental Regiment, 1st January, 1777 but resigned 23d March, 1778.
Caleb Bull participated in a general court martial of Lemuel Ackerly on July 29, 1777 at Peekskill, New York. Lemuel Ackerly of Westchester County, New York was brought to trial on charges of being an enemy of the country, on being a robber taken in arms, and as being a spy from the enemy.

Bull was an active member of The Society of the Cincinnati. 



The individuals numbered 22 – 31 are listed in American Revolution rolls and other records, but the marker is non-existent or no longer standing.

22. Maj. John Bigelow

Service:
Captain of Artillery, Col. B-Regiment, 1776,
Capture of Ticonderoga;
Commissioned on January 19,1776
Appointed Major in 1778

Bigelow was a member of The Society of the Cincinnati.

American Revolution Veterans

The individuals listed below have no existing marker.

23. John Benton Jr. 
Service: Lexington Alarm, 1775
d. July 14, 1790, aged 38
24. William Thomas Weare
Service: Sargeant, 9th A, 2nd Connecticut;
Col. Talcott’s Regiment, 1776
d. October 15, 1823
25. John Caldwell
Service: 
Capt. Hudson’s Company, Col. Talcott’s Regiment, 1776
d. November 19, 1777, aged 18
26. Capt. John Skinner
Service: Col. Wadsworth’s Regiment
d. Nov. 19, 1777, aged 18
27. Samuel Wadsworth
28. Barnabas Dean
d. December 4, 1794, aged 51
African american experience

Soldiers for Freedom

29. A Negro: d. May 15, 1777
30. A Negro Soldier: d. May 16, 1777, aged 42
31. A Negro Soldier: d. November 9, 1778

CT Public Radio Interview with John Mills

“Black men in Connecticut fought for American independence while bound by a system that denied their own freedom — a contradiction that still shapes how the nation remembers its founding.”